{"id":24048,"date":"2025-10-24T10:03:35","date_gmt":"2025-10-24T15:03:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medschool.vanderbilt.edu\/career-development\/?p=24048"},"modified":"2025-11-05T11:17:19","modified_gmt":"2025-11-05T17:17:19","slug":"understanding-the-nih-alphabet-soup","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medschool.vanderbilt.edu\/career-development\/2025\/10\/24\/understanding-the-nih-alphabet-soup\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding the NIH Alphabet Soup"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Applying for NIH fellowships comes with a whole new set of acronyms. Here\u2019s a quick guide to the ones you\u2019re most likely to encounter:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Funding Announcements<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>FOA<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Funding Opportunity Announcement<\/em><br \/>\nThe official notice that describes eligibility, objectives, requirements, and deadlines for a grant or fellowship.<\/li>\n<li><strong>NOFO<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Notice of Funding Opportunity<\/em><br \/>\nThe newer term NIH is using in place of FOA. You may see both used, but they mean the same thing.<\/li>\n<li><strong>PA<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Program Announcement<\/em><br \/>\nAnother type of FOA that highlights areas of interest.<\/li>\n<li><strong>RFA<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Request for Applications<\/em><br \/>\nA type of FOA\/NOFO that announces a more specific research priority area. Fellowships usually come from Parent Announcements rather than RFAs, but you might see these for other mechanisms.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Parent Announcements<\/strong><br \/>\nBroad FOAs\/NOFOs that allow NIH Institutes and Centers to accept fellowship applications in all areas of science. The majority of F31 and F32 applications are submitted through parent announcements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Fellowship Mechanisms<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>F31<\/strong> \u2013 <em>NRSA Individual Predoctoral Fellowship<\/em><br \/>\nSupports promising doctoral students conducting dissertation research.<\/li>\n<li><strong>F32<\/strong> \u2013 <em>NRSA Individual Postdoctoral Fellowship<\/em><br \/>\nSupports postdoctoral researchers in advanced training and development of research independence.<\/li>\n<li><strong>NRSA<\/strong> \u2013 <em>National Research Service Award<\/em><br \/>\nThe program mechanism that provides support for research training, including F31 and F32 fellowships.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>People and Roles<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>PO<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Program Officer<\/em><br \/>\nThe NIH staff member who oversees fellowship programs within an Institute. They are your primary NIH contact.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SRO<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Scientific Review Officer<\/em><br \/>\nThe NIH staff scientist who manages the peer review process and assigns reviewers to your application.<\/li>\n<li><strong>GM<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Grant Manager<\/em><br \/>\nYour institutional contact (at Vanderbilt, specific to your department) who manages internal deadlines, compliance, and submission.<\/li>\n<li><strong>PI<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Principal Investigator<br \/>\n<\/em>YOU are the PI on a fellowship application.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Candidate<br \/>\n<\/strong>YOU are the candidate<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sponsor(s)<br \/>\n<\/strong>The faculty who will provide mentorship for your fellowship research (usually your PhD or postdoctoral research advisor)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sponsoring organization<br \/>\n<\/strong>The primary location where the research will occur<\/li>\n<li><strong>Applicant<br \/>\n<\/strong>Your sponsoring organization (Vanderbilt)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong style=\"font-size: 1.2rem\">Review Process<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>SRG<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Scientific Review Group (Study Section)<\/em><br \/>\nThe panel of scientists who review and score your application for scientific merit.<\/li>\n<li><strong>CSR<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Center for Scientific Review<\/em><br \/>\nThe NIH office that manages most fellowship reviews (and other grants like R01s).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Letters and Documents<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>LOR<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Letter of Reference<\/em><br \/>\nRequired letters (3\u20135) written by individuals <u>not directly<\/u> involved in your project but who can speak to your training, potential, and qualifications.<\/li>\n<li><strong>LOS<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Letter of Support<\/em><br \/>\nLetters from collaborators or others <u>directly<\/u> involved in your project, showing their commitment to your training and research plan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Systems and IDs<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>eRA Commons<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Electronic Research Administration Commons<\/em><br \/>\nThe NIH online portal for application submission and tracking. Applicants, sponsors, and referees all use this system.<\/li>\n<li><strong>ORCID<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Open Researcher and Contributor ID<\/em><br \/>\nA unique identifier that links you to your research outputs and is required for NIH applications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Funding Outcomes<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>NOA<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Notice of Award<\/em><br \/>\nThe official document that confirms your fellowship has been funded.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>More acronyms can be found on the NIH Glossary page: <a href=\"https:\/\/grants.nih.gov\/grants\/glossary.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/grants.nih.gov\/grants\/glossary.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Click <a href=\"https:\/\/medschool.vanderbilt.edu\/career-development\/conquer-your-fellowship-a-project-management-tool-and-guide-for-your-nih-fellowship\/\">here <\/a>to go back to the main Fellowship Project Management blog series.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Applying for NIH fellowships comes with a whole new set of acronyms. Here\u2019s a quick guide to the ones you\u2019re most likely to encounter: Funding Announcements FOA \u2013 Funding Opportunity Announcement The official notice that describes eligibility, objectives, requirements, and deadlines for a grant or fellowship. NOFO \u2013 Notice of Funding Opportunity The newer term&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":924,"featured_media":24358,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[98,102],"tags":[239,36],"class_list":["post-24048","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-announcements","category-path-to-career-resources","tag-fellowships","tag-grant-writing"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/cdn.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-main\/medschool-prd\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/10\/Fellowship-feature-image.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medschool.vanderbilt.edu\/career-development\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24048","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medschool.vanderbilt.edu\/career-development\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medschool.vanderbilt.edu\/career-development\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medschool.vanderbilt.edu\/career-development\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/924"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medschool.vanderbilt.edu\/career-development\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24048"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/medschool.vanderbilt.edu\/career-development\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24048\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24398,"href":"https:\/\/medschool.vanderbilt.edu\/career-development\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24048\/revisions\/24398"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medschool.vanderbilt.edu\/career-development\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24358"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medschool.vanderbilt.edu\/career-development\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24048"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medschool.vanderbilt.edu\/career-development\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24048"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medschool.vanderbilt.edu\/career-development\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24048"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}