Rational Development of Near-Infrared Fluorophores with Large Stokes Shifts, Bright One-Photon, and Two-Photon Emissions for Bioimaging and Biosensing Applications.
AUTHORS
- PMID: 28481024 [PubMed].
ABSTRACT
Fluorophores with near-infrared emissions play a crucial role in numerous bioimaging and biosensing applications, owing to their deep penetration depths, low auto-fluorescence, and minimal tissue damages. Herein, the rational development of a new class of near-infrared fluorophores with bright one-photon and two-photon emissions at ≈740 nm, large Stokes shifts (≈80 nm), significant two-photon action absorption cross-section (≈185 GM at 820 nm), excellent water solubility, outstanding photostability, and low toxicity is reported. Their biological applications in mitochondrial labelling, deep tissue imaging, and HS detection in live cells and mice are also demonstrated. In addition, a rational design strategy for enlarging the Stokes shifts and enhancing two-photon emissions of these fluorophores is presented. These fluorophores will serve as a useful platform for developing novel imaging and sensing agents, and the design methodologies will inspire the molecular engineering of abundant high-performance near-infrared fluorophores.
Fluorophores with near-infrared emissions play a crucial role in numerous bioimaging and biosensing applications, owing to their deep penetration depths, low auto-fluorescence, and minimal tissue damages. Herein, the rational development of a new class of near-infrared fluorophores with bright one-photon and two-photon emissions at ≈740 nm, large Stokes shifts (≈80 nm), significant two-photon action absorption cross-section (≈185 GM at 820 nm), excellent water solubility, outstanding photostability, and low toxicity is reported. Their biological applications in mitochondrial labelling, deep tissue imaging, and HS detection in live cells and mice are also demonstrated. In addition, a rational design strategy for enlarging the Stokes shifts and enhancing two-photon emissions of these fluorophores is presented. These fluorophores will serve as a useful platform for developing novel imaging and sensing agents, and the design methodologies will inspire the molecular engineering of abundant high-performance near-infrared fluorophores.
Tags: 2017